新型双轴倾转旋翼飞行器总体设计与控制分析

Overall design and control analysis of a novel dual-axis tilt-rotor aircraft

摘要:

倾转旋翼飞行器兼具垂直起降与高效高速巡航性能，适用于低空短途运输，但现有机型总体设计未考虑短途运输过程中的安全迫降能力，且气动布局与控制策略有待优化。本文介绍一款新型双轴倾转旋翼飞行器。通过对飞行器桨翼融合与多飞行模态综合考虑，对飞行器的总体布局进行优化设计，使飞行器在能以固定翼模态迫降于地面公路单车道行驶而最小程度影响地面交通的前提下，具有足够大的有效载荷。进一步建立了飞行器六自由度动力学与运动学模型，对飞行器新型布局下的六自由度飞行进行了控制分析并给出全新控制策略。通过simulink动力学仿真验证了新型控制策略的可行性。研究结果表明，所设计飞行器在合理布局的前提下提高了气动效率，能够充分发挥桨翼融合优势，具备良好的控制性能。总的来说，飞行器设计方案可为低空运行倾转旋翼飞行器的设计发展提供参考。

Abstract:

The tilt-rotor aircraft combines the capabilities of vertical takeoff and landing with efficient high-speed cruising, making it suitable for short-haul low-altitude transportation. However, the overall design of existing tilt-rotor aircraft does not consider the safety of forced landings during short-haul transport, and both the aerodynamic layout and control strategies need optimization. This paper introduces a novel dual-axis tilt-rotor aircraft. By comprehensively considering the integration of rotor blades and multiple flight modes, the overall layout of the aircraft is optimized. This enables the aircraft to perform a forced landing in fixed-wing mode on a single lane of a ground roadway with minimal impact on ground traffic, while still carrying a sufficiently large payload. Furthermore, a six-degree-of-freedom dynamic and kinematic model of the aircraft has been established. A control analysis of the six-degree-of-freedom flight under the new layout of the aircraft has been conducted, and a new control strategy has been proposed. The feasibility of the new control strategy has been verified through Simulink dynamic simulation. The research results indicate that the designed aircraft improves aerodynamic efficiency under a reasonable layout and can fully leverage the advantages of rotor blade integration, exhibiting good control performance. Overall, the aircraft design scheme can provide a reference for the development of tilt-rotor aircraft designed for low-altitude operations.