旋翼机传动系统构型发展综述

A Review of the Development of Rotorcraft Transmission System Configurations

摘要:

随着旋翼机在军民领域的广泛应用，其传动系统正朝着高速化、智能化和无人化等方向发展。依据旋翼机的旋翼布局与推进方式，将旋翼机划分为三类——复合式旋翼机、倾转式旋翼机和混动/电动式旋翼机，重点分析各类传动系统的构型和特点，并结合功率分流技术、变速传动技术、发动机不倾转技术、尾桨采用电动传动技术等，探讨旋翼机传动系统未来的构型发展趋势。通过综合分析，本文认为未来将主要聚焦于三种构型：带螺旋桨的共轴双旋翼式旋翼机、倾转式旋翼机和混动/电动式旋翼机，旨在为旋翼机传动系统的发展提供有价值的参考。

Abstract:

With the widespread application of rotorcraft in both military and civilian fields, their transmission systems are evolving toward higher speed, intelligence, and unmanned operation. Based on rotor configuration and propulsion mode, this paper categorizes rotorcraft into three types: compound rotorcraft, tiltrotor aircraft, and hybrid/electric rotorcraft. The structural characteristics of the transmission systems for these types are analyzed in detail. Additionally, the future development trends of rotorcraft transmission systems are explored, focusing on technologies such as power split technology, variable-speed transmission, non-tilting engines, and electric tail rotor drives. Through a comprehensive analysis, this paper concludes that future rotorcraft transmission systems will primarily evolve toward three configurations: coaxial rotorcraft with propellers, tiltrotor aircraft, and hybrid/electric rotorcraft, it aims to provide valuable references for the development of rotorcraft transmission systems.