基于空中交通复杂度的空域扇区划分

Airspace Sectorization Based on Air Traffic Complexity

摘要:

航路结构和空中交通态势是影响扇区划分的重要因素。为合理利用空域资源、均衡各扇区空中交通态势，确保空中交通管制的安全性，提出了一种基于空中交通复杂度的扇区划分方法。首先，根据航路点分布和空中交通流量建立航路点相关度计算模型，并结合空中交通复杂度构建了空域网络拓扑图；其次，采用加权模糊C 均值聚类算法对空域网络拓扑图进行处理，以确定空域扇区的边界；然后，改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法，以降低并均衡空中交通复杂度为目标，同时引入扇区结构特征作为约束条件对扇区划分进行求解；最后，通过利用华东地区部分管制空域及相关航迹数据，对基于空中交通复杂度的扇区划分进行实例仿真，并与现行扇区结构及基于流量的扇区结构进行对比分析。结果表明：基于复杂度的扇区划分能够提高扇区复杂度和流量的均衡性，有效降低复杂度和流量的极端值，提升空域划分的稳定性，验证了基于空中交通复杂度的扇区划分方法的合理性和有效性。

Abstract:

The structure of routes and air traffic complexity are the crucial factors influencing sectorization. To optimize the utilization of airspace resources, balance air traffic conditions across sectors, and ensure the safety of air traffic control, a sectorization method based on air traffic complexity is proposed. Firstly, a correlation model for waypoints is established based on their distribution and air traffic flow, and an airspace network topology is constructed by integrating air traffic complexity. Next, a weighted fuzzy C-mean clustering algorithm is used to process the airspace network topology map to determine the boundaries of airspace sectors. Subsequently, the NSGA-II algorithm is improved to reduce and equalize the air traffic complexity as the goal, while sector structural features are introduced as constraints to solve the sector division. Finally, by using the controlled airspace of Shanghai and the related trajectory data, an example simulation of air traffic complexity-based sector delineation is carried out, and compared with the existing sector structure and the flow-based sector structure. The results show that the sector division based on complexity can improve the balance of sector complexity and flow rate, effectively reduce the extreme values of complexity and flow rate, improve the stability of airspace division, and validate the reasonableness and effectiveness of the sector division method based on air traffic complexity.