垂起固定翼无人机复合材料机翼一电池一体化结构设计

Design of Composite Wing-Battery Integrated Structure for VTOL Fixed-Wing UAVs

摘要:

将锂电池作为机翼结构的一部分承担机翼载荷，有利于提高机翼结构强度、刚度和结构服役稳定性。针对电池在无人机机翼中的布局和机翼—电池一体化结构设计问题，以最大起飞质量为 30 kg 的轻型垂直起降固定翼无人机为研究对象，设计一种复合材料机翼—电池一体化结构，并对其承载性能进行仿真分析；采用ABAQUS 软件对该结构进行仿真分析，对设计模型的性能进行仿真验证。结果表明：经复合材料机翼—电池一体化结构优化后，在受载极限下加载，其应力、应变和挠度的最大值分别减少 8.5 MPa、76.5 和 0.6 mm，优化率分别为 4.7%、29.1% 和 6.3%；优化后的机翼—电池一体化结构载荷分布更均匀，前六阶模态频率提高，整体结构的抗振性能增强，刚度显著提高，对高原复杂风场环境的适应性更强。

Abstract:

This paper focuses on a light vertical takeoff and landing fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a maximum takeoff weight of 30kg. It addresses the layout of batteries in the UAV wings and the integrated design of wing-battery structures. A composite material wing-battery integrated structure was designed, and its load-bearing performance was analyzed through simulation to address key issues such as the transmission of forces in the structural battery in high-altitude flight environments and overall performance optimization. Utilizing ABAQUS finite element analysis software, the structure"s performance is simulated and analyzed. Post-optimization results indicate that under the load limit, the peak values of stress, strain, and deflection reduced by 8.5 MPa, 76.5με, and 0.6 mm, respectively. These represent optimization rates of 4.7%, 29.1%, and 6.3%. Furthermore, post-optimization assessments reveal a more even load distribution across the wing-battery integrated structure. The first six modal frequencies have increased, leading to enhanced overall structural Vibration resistance. Notably, there is a significant improvement in stiffness, bolstering its adaptability to the complex wind conditions encountered at high altitudes.