航空电线电缆失效分析及可靠性评估综述

Review on Failure Analysis and Reliability Assessment of Aviation Wire and Cable

摘要:

电线电缆作为飞行器的关键基础部件，遍布飞行器全身。航空电线电缆作为航空电气系统能量、数据和信号传输通道，敷设广、占比高，一旦发生故障将造成巨大损失。因此，对航空电线电缆的可靠性提出了更高的要求。本文首先介绍了电气线路互联系统（EWIS）组成及其故障分析，然后阐述了航空电线电缆在使用过程中的典型失效模式与失效机理，最后综述了电线电缆可靠性评估的研究现状，并总结了电线电缆常用的故障检测与寿命预测方法。通过对电线电缆研究进展的总结，可为我国航空电线电缆的发展提供参考。

Abstract:

Electrical wires and cables, as critical foundational components of aircraft, are extensively distributed throughout the entire structure of the aircraft. Aviation electrical wires and cables serve as the conduits for energy, data, and signal transmission within aerospace electrical systems. Due to their wide deployment and significant proportion, any failure that occurs can result in substantial losses. Consequently, there are heightened requirements for the reliability of aviation electrical wires and cables. The paper begins by introducing the composition of the Electrical Wiring Interconnection System (EWIS) and analyzing its failure mechanisms. It subsequently discusses the typical failure modes and failure mechanisms of aviation electrical wires and cables during their operational life. Finally, it reviews the research status of reliability assessment for electric wires and cables, and summarizes the commonly used fault detection and life prediction methods for them. By summarizing advancements in the research on electrical wires and cables, this paper aims to provide valuable insights for the development of aviation electrical wires and cables in China.