氢涡扇客机概念方案的综合分析与优化

Comprehensive analysis and optimization for conceptual design of hydrogen-powered turbofan aircraft

摘要:

氢涡扇客机是以氢在涡扇发动机内直接燃烧为动力形式的客机，是绿色航空的一个重要发展方向。针对氢涡扇客机概念设计，研究一种综合分析与优化方法。根据氢涡扇客机设计特点，基于物理分析建立液氢系统模型，更新并拓展现有客机概念方案的各模块分析方法，形成包括氢涡扇发动机、液氢系统、几何、重量、气动、性能、排放和成本模块在内的多学科综合分析方法；基于综合分析方法，对150 级氢涡扇客机概念方案的总体参数进行优化，并分析液氢储罐参数对飞机重量和成本的影响。结果表明：优化后飞机的使用空重降低1.63%，直接使用成本降低1.79%；液氢储罐的形状和隔热层材料特性对飞机重量和直接使用成本有明显影响。本文方法可有效地应用于氢涡扇客机概念设计。

Abstract:

Hydrogen-powered turbofan aircraft is powered by the direct combustion of hydrogen in the turbofan engine, which is an important development direction of green aviation. Aiming at the concept design of hydrogen-powered turbofan aircraft, a comprehensive analysis and optimization method is studied. According to the characteristics of hydrogen-powered turbofan aircraft, the liquid hydrogen system model is established based on physical principles, and the discipline analysis methods of conventional aircraft are updated and expanded. A multidisciplinary analysis method is developed, which consists of engine, liquid hydrogen system, geometry, weight, aerodynamic, performance, emission and cost modules. Based on the multidisciplinary analysis method, the primary parameters of the 150-class hydrogen turbofan aircraft concept are optimized, and the effects of the parameters of the liquid hydrogen tank on the aircraft weight and cost are investigated. The results show that the operating empty weight of the optimized aircraft is reduced by 1.63% and the direct operating cost is reduced by 1.79%. The shape of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the characteristics of the insulation material have significant impacts on the aircraft weight and direct operating cost. The method presented in this paper can be effectively applied to the conceptual design of hydrogen-powered turbofan aircraft.