基于多目标优化的飞机位姿变换参数计算模型

Calculation Model of Aircraft Attitude Transformation Parameters Based on Multi-objective Optimization

摘要:

在飞机装配中，由于测量误差、制造误差、坐标转换误差，导致部件装配精度、质量达不到要求，并且装配间隙分布不均匀。为了尽可能使装配间隙分布均匀、装配质量达到要求，在部件装配之前提前计算得到最优的位姿变换参数。针对位姿变换参数的求解，本文提出一种新的计算模型，在确保所有调姿基准点满足容差要求的前提下，对所有调姿基准点目标位置与其理论位置的坐标误差和以及对合面特征（对合平面角度、间隙）进行优化，通过多目标粒子群算法求解出最优的位姿变换参数，在Polyworks 中运用此计算模型求解出的位姿变换参数进行虚拟装配。结果表明：采用此模型能大幅提升装配的精度与质量，并实现间隙的均匀性；与容差优化法相较，本文所提出的算法具有更快的收敛速度，装配间隙得到了有效控制，展现出更优的装配协调性能及更高的间隙均匀度。

Abstract:

In aircraft assembly, due to measurement errors, manufacturing errors,and coordinate conversion errors, the assembly accuracy and quality of components do not meet the requirements, and the assembly gap is unevenly distributed. In order to make the assembly clearance distribution as uniform as possible and the assembly quality meet the requirements, the optimal pose transformation parameters are calculated in advance before the assembly of the components. On the premise of ensuring that all the attitude adjustment datum points meet the tolerance requirements, the coordinate error of the target position of all the attitude adjustment datum points and their theoretical positions, as well as the characteristics of the mating surface (angle and clearance) of the mating plane, are optimized, and the optimal pose transformation parameters are solved by the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm, and finally the virtual assembly is carried out in PolyWorks to complete the verification.