民用飞机发动机工作特性适航研究

Airworthiness study of civil aircraft engine operating characteristics

摘要:

民用飞机发动机工作特性在中国民用航空规章（CCAR）《运输类飞机适航标准》（25 部）适航审定过程中是对发动机最基础也是最复杂的验证科目之一，条款要求在正常飞行状态下，涡轮发动机应稳定工作，且不会出现不利的工作特性。对发动机工作特性的验证包含本体性能、控制特性、附件作动等方面的因素。以某民用飞机发动机工作特性适航验证工作为基础，以CCAR 第25.939（a）条款“涡轮发动机工作特性”和咨询通告（AC25.939-1）为指导，对25.939（a）条款的验证需求进行捕获，研究影响发动机工作特性的各类因素的验证方法，对发动机瞬态性能的符合性试验验证方法进行分析，并结合某民用飞机审查案例进行符合性说明。该民用飞机已成功取得25 部型号合格证（TC 证），该验证方法能够有效应用于民用飞机发动机工作特性的25 部适航审定工作，可为后续民用飞机发动机适航取证工作提供参考。

Abstract:

Engine operating characteristics of civil aircraft engines are one of the most basic and complex verification subjects in the airworthiness certification process of the part25 "Airworthiness Standard for Transport Aircraft" of China Civil Aviation Regulations. The provisions require that turbine engines should work stably under normal flight conditions without adverse working characteristics. The verification of engine operating characteristics includes the engine performance, the control characteristics, the accessory actuation and other factors. Based on the airworthiness verification of the operating characteristics of a civil aircraft engine and guided by CCAR 25.939 (a) "Turbine Engine operating Characteristics" and AC25.939-1, this paper captures the verification requirements of CCAR25.939 (a), studies the verification methods of factors affecting engine operating characteristics, and analyzes the compliance test verification methods of engine transient performance, combining with a civil aircraft review case is used to illustrate the compliance method. This civil aircraft has successfully obtained part25 type certificate (TC certificate), indicating that the verification method can be effectively applied to the part25 airworthiness certification work of civil aircraft engine operating characteristics, and can provide reference for the subsequent civil aircraft engine airworthiness certification work.